Personalized obesity prevention: from genetic predictors to practical solutions

Obesity remains one of the most significant medical and social problems in the Russian Federation, serving as a key risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases. This review presents a systematic analysis of current data on the molecular and genetic basis of obesity, based on literature search and analysis in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and RSCI databases. The contribution of key genes to the development of metabolic disorders is examined, and the potential applications of genetic testing for personalizing preventive measures are evaluated. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the “Healthy Nutrition” educational cluster as an innovative model integrating scientific research, educational programs, and practical healthcare. Based on a comprehensive data analysis, practical algorithms for personalized prevention using genetic testing are proposed, the effectiveness of digital educational platforms is assessed, and organizational and economic aspects of implementing the cluster model in the Russian healthcare system are examined in detail. Particular importance is given to the development of practical recommendations for implementing a personalized approach in clinical practice and the public healthcare system. The obtained results demonstrate the high potential of educational clusters for improving the obesity prevention system and can be used in developing targeted regional programs for public health promotion, which will contribute to reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life of the population.

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For citation: Soshina M.S., Lapik I.A., Gapparova K.M., Tarmaeva I.Yu. Personalized obesity prevention: from genetic predictors to practical solutions. Zdravookhranenie Rossiiskoi Federatsii / Health Care of the Russian Federation, Russian journal. 2026; 70(3): 225–229. https://doi.org/10.47470/0044-197X-2026-70-3-225-229 https://elibrary.ru/vjaycl (in Russian)

For correspondence: Maria S. Soshina, e-mail: maria.soshina@gmail.com; Irina A. Lapik, e-mail: lapik_@inbox.ru

Contribution of the authors: Soshina M.S., Lapik I.A. — material collection and processing, writing the text, editing, references compilation; Gapparova K.M., Tarmaeva I.Yu. — research concept and design, editing, final approval. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Funding. The study was conducted as part of the state assignment FGMF-2023-0002.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: August 18, 2025 / Accepted: April 24, 2026 / Published: July 28, 2026

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