rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0044-197X-2026-70-3-225-229vjayclrfhealth-2306Research ArticleПРОФИЛАКТИКА НЕИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙPREVENTION OF NONINFECTIOUS DISEASESПерсонализированная профилактика ожирения: от генетических предикторов к практическим решениям (обзор литературы)Personalized obesity prevention: from genetic predictors to practical solutionshttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9176-2744СошинаМария СергеевнаSoshinaMaria S.

Аспирант ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии», Москва, Россия

e-mail: maria.soshina@gmail.com

Postgraduate student, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation

e-mail: maria.soshina@gmail.com

maria.soshina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0963-0792ЛапикИрина АлександровнаLapikIrina A.

Канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. отд. реабилитационной диетотерапии ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии», Москва, Россия

e-mail: lapik_@inbox.ru

Cand. Sci. (Medicine), researcher, Department of rehabilitation diet therapy, Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation

e-mail: lapik_@inbox.ru

lapik_@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-8545ГаппароваКамила МинкаиловнаGapparovaKamila M.

Канд. мед. наук, зав. отд. реабилитационной диетотерапии ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии», Москва, Россия

e-mail: kgapparova@mail.ru

Cand. Sci. (Medicine), head, Department of rehabilitation diet therapy, Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation

e-mail: kgapparova@mail.ru

kgapparova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7791-1222ТармаеваИнна ЮрьевнаTarmaevaInna Yu.

Докт. мед. наук, профессор, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. возрастной нутрициологии, учёный секретарь ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии», Москва, Россия

e-mail: tarmaeva@ion.ru

Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, leading researcher, Laboratory of age-related nutrition, Scientific Secretary, Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation

e-mail: tarmaeva@ion.ru

tarmaeva@ion.ruФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»РоссияFederal Research Centre for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food SafetyRussian Federation202628072026703225229Copyright © Сошина М.С., Лапик И.А., Гаппарова К.М., Тармаева И.Ю., 20262026Сошина М.С., Лапик И.А., Гаппарова К.М., Тармаева И.Ю.Soshina M.S., Lapik I.A., Gapparova K.M., Tarmaeva I.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/2306

Ожирение остаётся одной из наиболее значимых медико-социальных проблем в Российской Федерации, выступая ключевым фактором риска развития хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. В данном обзоре представлен системный анализ современных данных о молекулярно-генетических основах ожирения, выполненный на основе поиска и анализа литературы по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, РИНЦ. Рассматривается вклад ключевых генов в развитие метаболических нарушений и оцениваются возможности применения генетического тестирования для персонализации профилактических мероприятий. Особое внимание уделено анализу работы образовательного кластера «Здоровое питание» как инновационной модели интеграции научных исследований, образовательных программ и практического здравоохранения. На основании комплексного анализа данных предложены практические алгоритмы персонализированной профилактики с использованием генетического тестирования, проведена оценка эффективности цифровых образовательных платформ, детально рассмотрены организационные и экономические аспекты внедрения кластерной модели в систему российского здравоохранения. Особое значение придаётся разработке практических рекомендаций для внедрения персонализированного подхода в клиническую практику и систему общественного здравоохранения. Полученные результаты демонстрируют высокую перспективность образовательных кластеров для совершенствования системы профилактики ожирения и могут быть использованы при разработке целевых региональных программ укрепления общественного здоровья, что будет способствовать снижению заболеваемости и улучшению качества жизни населения.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Сошина М.С., Лапик И.А. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование, составление списка литературы; Гаппарова К.М., Тармаева И.Ю. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование текста, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания FGMF-2023-0002.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила

Поступила: 18.08.2025 / Принята к печати: 24.04.2026 / Опубликована: 28.07.2026

Obesity remains one of the most significant medical and social problems in the Russian Federation, serving as a key risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases. This review presents a systematic analysis of current data on the molecular and genetic basis of obesity, based on literature search and analysis in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and RSCI databases. The contribution of key genes to the development of metabolic disorders is examined, and the potential applications of genetic testing for personalizing preventive measures are evaluated. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the “Healthy Nutrition” educational cluster as an innovative model integrating scientific research, educational programs, and practical healthcare. Based on a comprehensive data analysis, practical algorithms for personalized prevention using genetic testing are proposed, the effectiveness of digital educational platforms is assessed, and organizational and economic aspects of implementing the cluster model in the Russian healthcare system are examined in detail. Particular importance is given to the development of practical recommendations for implementing a personalized approach in clinical practice and the public healthcare system. The obtained results demonstrate the high potential of educational clusters for improving the obesity prevention system and can be used in developing targeted regional programs for public health promotion, which will contribute to reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life of the population.

Keywords

Keywords: 

For citation

For citation: Soshina M.S., Lapik I.A., Gapparova K.M., Tarmaeva I.Yu. Personalized obesity prevention: from genetic predictors to practical solutions. Zdravookhranenie Rossiiskoi Federatsii / Health Care of the Russian Federation, Russian journal. 2026; 70(3): 225–229. https://doi.org/10.47470/0044-197X-2026-70-3-225-229 https://elibrary.ru/vjaycl (in Russian)

For correspondence

For correspondence: Maria S. Soshina, e-mail: maria.soshina@gmail.com; Irina A. Lapik, e-mail: lapik_@inbox.ru

Contribution of the authors: Soshina M.S., Lapik I.A. — material collection and processing, writing the text, editing, references compilation; Gapparova K.M., Tarmaeva I.Yu. — research concept and design, editing, final approval. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Funding

Funding. The study was conducted as part of the state assignment FGMF-2023-0002.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: August 18, 2025 / Accepted: April 24, 2026 / Published: July 28, 2026

 

 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.