The structure of places of death of the population of the Russian Federation in a regional aspect

Introduction. The proportion of deaths in and out of hospitals varies considerably across countries and depends on many factors.

Purpose. To identify changes in the structure of the place of death of the deceased in the regions of Russia in 2018 and 2023 depending on the cause of death.

Materials and methods. Tables were obtained upon request from Rosstat in form C56 for 2018 and 2023 by classes of diseases according to ICD-10 and regions of the Russian Federation.

Results. In 2023, the share of deaths in the Russian Federation at home (43.3%) decreased by 7.8% compared to 2018 (51.1%). The number of regions in which the share of deaths at home was more than 50% in 2023 decreased by 2.2 times (from 49 to 22). The share of deaths in hospitals increased by 6% (from 31.9 to 38.2%). The highest proportion of in-hospital deaths was due to infectious diseases: 75.9% in 2018 and 80.4% in 2023. Diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasms accounted for 63.8% of all in-hospital deaths in 2018 and 61.2% in 2023; at home — 59.9% and 68.4%, respectively. The maximum increase in the proportion of in-hospital deaths (almost 10%) was recorded for three classes: diseases of the endocrine system, respiratory organs, and neoplasms. Significant differences were found between the regions by the place of death in general and by disease classes.

Research limitations. The data from Form C56 fails to allow determining the proportion of deaths in nursing homes, homes for the disabled, and other places, since deaths in “another place” are combined into one line.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate to a trend towards an increasing proportion of deaths in hospital and elsewhere, against the background of a decreasing proportion of deaths at home, with significant regional variability.

Compliance with ethical standards. The conclusion of the ethics committee was not required given the non-personalized nature of the data.

Contribution of the authors:
Kakorina E.P. — concept and design of the study, writing the text, editing;
Samorodskaya I.V. — writing the text, statistical processing of data, compiling the list of references.
All co-authors approved the final version of the article, are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: February 6, 2025 / Accepted: October 8, 2025 / Published: December 17, 2025

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