rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0044-197X-2022-66-2-160-167rfhealth-789Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМолозиво крупного рогатого скота в профилактике инфекционных заболеваний человека (обзор литературы)Colostrum of cattle in the prevention of human infectious disease (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0209-9732КузьминС. В.KuzminSergey V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-6079СкрипачеваА. И.SkripachevaAnna I.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9514-9921РусаковВладимир НиколаевичRusakovVladimir N.

Канд. мед. наук, и.о. руководителя здорового и безопасного питания ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи.

e-mail: rusakovvn@fferisman.ru

MD, Ph.D., leading researcher of the Department of health and safe food of the F.F. Erisman Federal Research Center of Hygiene, Mytishchi, 141014, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.

e-mail: rusakovvn@fferisman.ru

rusakovvn@fferisman.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-0690СиницынаО. О.SinitsynaOxana O.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-9347МайзельС. Г.MyzelSergey G.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6163-6342АлешкинВ. А.AlyoshkinVladimir A.noemail@neicon.ruФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаF.F. Erisman Federal Research Center of HygieneООО «Победа-1»Pobeda-1 LLCФБУН «Московский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г.Н. Габричевского» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаMoscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.N. Gabrichevsky202206052022662160167Copyright © Кузьмин С.В., Скрипачева А.И., Русаков В.Н., Синицына О.О., Майзель С.Г., Алешкин В.А., 20222022Кузьмин С.В., Скрипачева А.И., Русаков В.Н., Синицына О.О., Майзель С.Г., Алешкин В.А.Kuzmin S.V., Skripacheva A.I., Rusakov V.N., Sinitsyna O.O., Myzel S.G., Alyoshkin V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/789

Молозиво (или иммунное молоко) — первое молоко, которое вырабатывают млекопитающие после родов, и его состав заметно отличается от молока, получаемого позже в период лактации. Молозиво является богатым источником иммуноглобулинов и других биологически активных компонентов. 

Цель данного обзора литературы — систематизация исследований о способах лечения и профилактики инфекционных заболеваний человека с использованием иммуномодулирующих и иммунопротекторных свойств молозива. Изучены открытые источники, размещённые в базах данных PubMed, ResearherGate и eLibrary.

История применения молозива гипериммунизированных коров в качестве средства лечения заболеваний человека прослеживается до 1950-х гг. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о высокой эффективности применения молозива коров и его компонентов как для профилактики, так и для лечения инфекционных заболеваний. Молозиво способно производить гетерологический перенос пассивного иммунитета. Протоколы иммунизации, применяемые при производстве иммунного молока, могут быть сильно вариабельны. В особенности это касается сроков иммунизации. Работа по протоколам иммунизации, при которых животные подвергаются воздействиям конкретных антигенов, в результате может усилить гуморальные иммунные ответы в молочной железе. 

Наиболее актуален поиск путей применения иммунного молока в качестве средства для сдерживания пандемии SARS-CoV-2. В обзоре литературы приведена характеристика противомикробных, иммуномодулирующих и стимулирующих рост факторов в молозиве крупного рогатого скота. Приведены примеры и описание гомологической и гетерологической передачи пассивного иммунитета. 

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:

Кузьмин С

Кузьмин С.В., Майзель С.Г., Алешкин В.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования;

Скрипачева А

Скрипачева А.И. — написание текста, составление списка литературы;

Русаков В

Русаков В.Н. — концепция исследования, написание текста; 

Синицына О

Синицына О.О. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование.

Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки. 

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Поступила 10

Поступила 10.01.2022

Принята в печать 11

Принята в печать 11.03.2022

Опубликована 04

Опубликована 04.05.2022

Colostrum (or immune milk) is the first milk that mammals produce after childbirth, and its composition differs markedly from milk obtained later in lactation. Colostrum is a rich source of immunoglobulins and other biologically active components.

The purpose of this literature review is to systematize research on methods of treatment and prevention of human infectious diseases using immunomodulatory and immunoprotective properties of colostrum. The open sources hosted in PubMed, Researchgate and eLibrary databases were studied.

The history of the use of colostrum from hyperimmunized cows as a treatment for human diseases can be traced back to the 1950s. Many studies on the use of colostrum have explored its potential in both the prevention and treatment of various infectious diseases.

The data obtained indicate the high efficiency of the use of cow colostrum and its components both for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Colostrum is capable of producing a heterologous transfer of passive immunity. The immunization protocols used in the production of immune milk can be highly variable. This is especially true for the timing of immunization. Working on immunization protocols that expose animals to specific antigens can result in enhanced humoral immune responses in the mammary gland.

The most relevant is the search for ways to use immune milk as a means to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The literature review provides a description of antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and growth-stimulating factors in bovine colostrum. Examples and descriptions of homologous and heterologous transmission of passive immunity are given.

Contribution of the authors:

Kuzmin S

Kuzmin S.V., Mayzel S.G., Alyoshkin V.A. — research concept and design.

Skripacheva A

Skripacheva A.I. — writing the text, compilation of the list of literature.

Rusakov V

Rusakov V.N. — research concept, writing the text.

Sinitsyna O

Sinitsyna O.O. — research concept and design, editing.

All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Received

Received: January 10, 2022

Accepted

Accepted: March 11, 2022

Published

Published: May 04, 2022

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.