rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0044-197X-2021-65-6-573-580rfhealth-642Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПерспективные меры по снижению смертности в России: аналитический обзорPromising measures to reduce the mortality in Russia: an analytical reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-1403КобяковаО. С.KobyakovaOlga S.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3625-4278СтародубовВ. И.StarodubovVladimir I.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-9385ХалтуринаДарья АндреевнаKhaltourinaDaria A.

Канд. истор. наук, начальник Управления профилактики факторов риска и коммуникационных технологий в здравоохранении ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» Минздрава России, 127254, Москва.

e-mail: khaltourina@mednet.ru

MD, PhD., Head of the Department of risk factors prevention and communication technologies in healthcare of the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics, Moscow, 127254, Russian Federation.

e-mail: khaltourina@mednet.ru

khaltourina@mednet.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9095-6281ЗыковВ. А.ZykovViktor A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7971-5855ЗубковаТ. С.ZubkovaTatiana S.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2479-6069ЗамятнинаЕ. С.ZamiatninaElena S.noemail@neicon.ruФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» Минздрава РоссииFederal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics202124122021656573580Copyright © Кобякова О.С., Стародубов В.И., Халтурина Д.А., Зыков В.А., Зубкова Т.С., Замятнина Е.С., 20212021Кобякова О.С., Стародубов В.И., Халтурина Д.А., Зыков В.А., Зубкова Т.С., Замятнина Е.С.Kobyakova O.S., Starodubov V.I., Khaltourina D.A., Zykov V.A., Zubkova T.S., Zamiatnina E.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/642

Цель работы — выявление перспективных мер по снижению смертности в России. 

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Проведён аналитический обзор систематических обзоров по базам PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus и Google Scholar. 

Результаты

Результаты. Выявлен ряд мер, перспективных для снижения смертности в России. Среди них — меры формирования здорового поведения (борьба против потребления табака, алкоголя, поддержка здорового питания, физической активности), меры по профилактике смертности от внешних причин. Необходимо повышение эффективности лечения заболеваний, в частности, артериальной гипертонии, гиперхолестеринемии, сахарного диабета, сердечно-сосудистых катастроф, гепатита С, ВИЧ. Это может потребовать интенсификации цифровой трансформации здравоохранения, а также внедрения современных командных подходов к лечению и ведению пациентов с более активным вовлечением младшего медицинского и другого персонала. В части скрининга важно расширение охвата и внедрение современных эффективных методов скрининга рака прямой кишки, рака шейки матки, а также скрининга новорождённых. Необходимо расширение вакцинопрофилактики против COVID-19, а также людей старших возрастов от пневмококка, подростков от вируса папилломы человека. Профилактике смертности от внешних причин, помимо противоалкогольных мер, должно способствовать внедрение таргетных мер по предотвращению самоубийств, дорожно-транспортных происшествий, пожаров, утоплений и т.д. Повышение финансирования здравоохранения, в том числе лекарственного обеспечения, может принести дополнительные годы жизни. 

Выводы

Выводы. В России есть значительный потенциал для реализации новых мер по снижению смертности.

The purpose of the study was to identify promising measures to reduce mortality in Russia.

Methods used included analysis of systematic reviews from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. 

Results

Results. Promising measures for reducing mortality in Russia include promoting healthy behaviour (tobacco control, alcohol control, support for healthy diet, physical activity) and preventing death due to external causes. It is necessary to increase the effectiveness of disease management, including arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular accidents, hepatitis C, HIV. This could require intensifying digital transformation of health care, implementing modern teamwork approaches to the patient’s treatment and follow-up with greater involvement of nurses and other personnel. In terms of screening, it is essential to expand coverage and introduce modern, effective screening methods for colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, and neonatal screening. It is necessary to expand vaccination against Covid-19, vaccination of the elderly from Pneumococcus, and teenagers from HPV. Prevention of mortality from external causes should include sets of measures targeted at the prevention of suicides, traffic accidents, fires, drownings, etc., in addition to alcohol control measures. Finally, increasing health care financing, including medication provision, can bring additional years of life.

Conclusions

Conclusions. Russia has significant potential to implement new measures to reduce the mortality.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.