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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2021-65-6-514-521</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-634</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Финансирование Программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи: как решить проблему дефицита?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Financing of the Program of state guarantees of free medical care: how to solve the deficit problem?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-8128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishin</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4645-8765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рагозин</surname><given-names>Андрей Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ragozin</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, директор Центра проблем организации, финансирования и межтерриториальных отношений в здравоохранении Института региональной экономики и межбюджетных отношений Финансового Университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации, 125009, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: avragozin@fa.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Head of the Center for problems of organization, financing and interterritorial relations in health care Institute of the regional economy and interbudgetary relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: avragozin@fa.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avragozin@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-1692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ицелев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Itselev</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-2440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глазунова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glazunova</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Центр проблем организации, финансирования и межтерриториальных отношений в здравоохранении Института региональной экономики и межбюджетных отношений Финансового Университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Center for problems of organization, financing and interterritorial relations in health care Institute of the regional economy and interbudgetary relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>514</fpage><lpage>521</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гришин В.В., Рагозин А.В., Ицелев А.А., Глазунова С.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гришин В.В., Рагозин А.В., Ицелев А.А., Глазунова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grishin V.V., Ragozin A.V., Itselev A.A., Glazunova S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/634">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/634</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Ключевая проблема российского здравоохранения — дефицит финансирования программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи гражданам РФ. </p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: поиск решений проблемы дефицита финансирования программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи в Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Используя ретроспективный анализ доступных данных, проведён анализ причин дефицита финансирования программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи и поиск решений в опыте других стран.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ показал, что важные причины дефицита программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи — недостатки системы доходов обязательного медицинского страхования (ОМС): привязка взносов за работающее население к фонду оплаты труда; размытость определения неработающего населения и уплата взносов на его ОМС субъектами РФ; неучастие платежеспособного населения в софинансировании медицинской помощи; отсутствие экономической интеграции между оплатой лечения ОМС и системой охраны здоровья; отсутствие формализованных механизмов возмещения федеральным бюджетом расходов системы ОМС на оплату помощи в катастрофических ситуациях. </p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Решение проблемы дефицита программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи авторы видят в модернизации системы доходов ОМС: замене уплачиваемых работодателями взносов ОМС дополнительной «медицинской» частью налога на добавленную стоимость; замене уплачиваемых субъектами РФ взносов ОМС на неработающее население целевым «медицинским» налогом с розничных продаж; создании системы дополнительных доходов по принципу «платит виновный в нанесении вреда здоровью»; признании расходов на медицинскую помощь населению в катастрофических ситуациях безусловным обязательством федерального бюджета.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Системным решением проблемы дефицита финансирования программы государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи гражданам РФ представляется модернизация системы доходов ОМС.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The critical problem of Russian health care is the deficit of funding for the program of state-guaranteed medical care for citizens of Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. To search for solutions to the problem of financing the deficit of the program of state guarantees of free medical care in the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Retrospective data analysis was carried out to analyse the reasons for the deficit in the financing of the program of state guarantees of free medical care and search for solutions in the experience of other countries.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis showed that the reasons for the deficit of the program of state guarantees of free medical care are the shortcomings of the mandatory health insurance (MHI) income system: linking contributions for the working population to the wages fund; the vagueness of the definition of the non-working population and the payment of contributions for its MHI by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; non-participation of the solvent population in the co-financing of medical care; deficit of economic integration between the payment of MHI treatment and the health care system; the absence of formalized mechanisms for reimbursing the expenses of the MHI system by the federal budget to pay for aid in catastrophic situations.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The authors see the solution to the problem of the deficit of the program of state guarantees of free medical care in the modernization of the MHI income system: replacement of the MHI contributions paid by employers with an additional “medical” part of the value-added tax; replacement of the MHI contributions paid by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the non-working population with a targeted “medical” tax on retail sales; creation of a system of additional income based on the principle “the guilty person pays for causing harm to health”; recognition of the cost of medical care to the population in catastrophic situations as an unconditional obligation of the federal budget.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A systemic solution to the problem of the financing deficit of the program of state guarantees of free medical care for the citizens of Russia seems to be the modernization of the MHI income system.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефицит финансирования</kwd><kwd>программа государственных гарантий бесплатной медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь населению в катастрофических ситуациях</kwd><kwd>взносы на обязательное медицинское страхование</kwd><kwd>здравоохранение</kwd><kwd>налог на добавленную стоимость</kwd><kwd>налог с розничных продаж</kwd><kwd>принцип «виновная сторона возмещает вред здоровью»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>financing deficit</kwd><kwd>the program of state guarantees of free medical care</kwd><kwd>medical assistance to the population in catastrophic situations</kwd><kwd>mandatory medical insurance contributions</kwd><kwd>health care</kwd><kwd>value-added tax</kwd><kwd>retail sales tax</kwd><kwd>the principle “the guilty party shall reimburse health damage”</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Всемирная организация здравоохранения. 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