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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2021-65-4-354-358</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-496</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу оценки профессионального риска заболеваний пылевой этиологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the issue of assessing the occupational risk of diseases of dust aetiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7929-9441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Анна Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, зав. отд. медицины труда Института комплексных проблем гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Московская область.</p><p>e-mail: egorovaam@fferisman.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., Head of the Department of Occupational Medicine of the Institute of Complex Problems of Hygiene of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: egorovaam@fferisman.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egorovaam@fferisman.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-1404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луценко</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutsenko</surname><given-names>Lydia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-1138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhova</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2623-4388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колюка</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyuka</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2439-4636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорович</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorovich</surname><given-names>Gennady V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «НТМ-Защита»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Limited Liability Company NTM-Zashchita<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>354</fpage><lpage>358</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егорова А.М., Луценко Л.А., Сухова А.В., Колюка В.В., Федорович Г.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егорова А.М., Луценко Л.А., Сухова А.В., Колюка В.В., Федорович Г.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorova A.M., Lutsenko L.A., Sukhova A.V., Kolyuka V.V., Fedorovich G.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/496">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/496</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В России профессиональные заболевания, связанные с воздействием промышленных аэрозолей (ПА), занимают 3-е место в структуре профессиональной патологии. Преобладающими формами профессиональных заболеваний являются хронический пылевой бронхит, пневмокониоз (силикоз), хронический обструктивный (астматический) бронхит. Для объективной оценки пылевого воздействия и расчёта профессионального риска здоровью работников «пылевых» профессий целесообразно уточнение критериев и методологии оценки пылевой экспозиции как самостоятельной и информативной гигиенической характеристики. </p><p>Цель исследования – сформулировать дополнительные критерии оценки опасности воздействия ПА; обосновать методологию расчёта накопления пылевых частиц в лёгких как информативной характеристики вдыхаемой пыли, подлежащей гигиенической оценке при расчёте пылевой нагрузки, уточнить методологию управления риском здоровью работников пылевых профессий. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В работе применён метод математического моделирования. Проведён расчёт времени нахождения пылевых частиц с учётом их дисперсности на различных участках трахеобронхиального дерева (ТБД). </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С учётом методологии расчёта пылевой экспозиции по величине вдыхаемой массы пыли были сформулированы дополнительные критерии оценки опасности воздействия ПА; обоснована методология расчёта накопленной массы пыли (НМП), дана оценка формирования НМП на участках ТБД с учётом временнóй зависимости выведения пылевых частиц различной дисперсности из ТБД. Результаты исследования способствуют совершенствованию гигиенических критериев опасности и вредности условий труда по пылевому фактору, обоснованию мер профилактики.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Обоснован выбор показателя НМП как уточняющего информативность расчётной величины пылевой нагрузки. Совершенствование методологии контроля пыли способствует сохранению здоровья работников и снижению уровня профессиональных и производственно-обусловленных заболеваний.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the Russian Federation, occupational diseases associated with exposure to industrial aerosols occupy third place in the structure of occupational pathology. The predominant forms of occupational diseases included chronic dust bronchitis, pneumoconiosis( silicosis), chronic obstructive (asthmatic) bronchitis. For an objective assessment of dust exposure and calculation of the occupational health risk of employees of “dust” professions, it is advisable to clarify the criteria and methodology for assessing dust exposure as an independent and informative hygienic characteristic.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to formulate additional criteria for assessing the risk of exposure to industrial aerosol; to substantiate the methodology for calculating the accumulation of dust particles in the lungs as an informative characteristic of inhaled dust that is subject to hygienic assessment when calculating the dust load, to clarify the methodology for managing the health risk of dust professions workers.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The paper uses the technique of mathematical modelling. The calculation of the time of finding dust particles, taking into account their dispersion in various parts of the tracheobronchial tree, was carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Taking into account the methodology for calculating the dust exposure by the value of the inhaled dust mass, additional criteria for assessing the hazard of exposure to industrial aerosol were formulated; the methodology for calculating the accumulated dust mass (ADM) was justified, the formation of ADM in tracheobronchial tree sites was estimated, taking into account the time dependence of the removal of dust particles of various dispersities from the tracheobronchial tree was estimated. The results of the study contribute to the improvement of hygienic criteria for the danger and harmfulness of working conditions according to the dust factor, the justification of preventive measures.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The choice of the ADM index to clarify the information content of the calculated dust load value is justified. Improving the methodology of dust control helps to preserve employees’ health and reduce the level of occupational and production-related diseases.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гигиеническое нормирование аэрозолей с твёрдой дисперсной фазой</kwd><kwd>профессиональный риск</kwd><kwd>работники «пылевых» профессий</kwd><kwd>вдыхаемые фракции</kwd><kwd>накопленная масса пыли в лёгочной ткани</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hygienic regulation of aerosols with solid dispersed phase</kwd><kwd>occupational risk</kwd><kwd>workers in “dusty” professions</kwd><kwd>respirable fractions</kwd><kwd>the accumulated mass of dust in the lung tissue</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный доклад «О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2020 году». 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