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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2021-65-4-347-353</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-495</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эндотелиальная дисфункция — новая концепция ранней профилактики заболеваний кардиореспираторной системы у рабочих пылевых пpoфеccий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endothelial dysfunction as a new concept of early prevention of diseases of the cardiorespiratory system in workers of dust occupations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-1360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисова</surname><given-names>Елена Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, кардиолог терапевтического отделения ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Московская область.</p><p>e-mail: dr.denisova@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., cardiologist of the therapeutic department of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: dr.denisova @yandex.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.denisova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-1576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рушкевич</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rushkevich</surname><given-names>Oksana P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-5842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нененко</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nenenko</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>347</fpage><lpage>353</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Денисова Е.А., Рушкевич О.П., Нененко О.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Денисова Е.А., Рушкевич О.П., Нененко О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Denisova E.A., Rushkevich O.P., Nenenko O.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/495">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/495</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Разработка железистых кварцитов бассейна Курской магнитной аномалии сопровождается выделением пыли, оказывает воздействие на горнорабочих. Выявление маркёров доклинической патологии кардиореспираторной системы является актуальным.</p><p>Цель исследования – выявить маркёры эндотелиальной дисфункции (ЭД) (эндотелин-1 (ЭТ-1), мозговой натрийуретический пептид (BNP), изменения эластических свойств сосудов) на доклиническом этапе развития патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы (ССС) и патологии органов дыхания у рабочих пылевых профессий с различным стажем.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Систематизирована и статистически обработана медицинская документация 812 человек за 2008–2015 гг. Уровень ЭТ-1 и BNP определяли методом иммуноферментного анализа. Центральную гемодинамику изучали методом объёмной компрессионной осциллометрии. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлены корреляционные связи между распространённостью заболеваний ССС и стажем работы во вредных условиях, особенностями производственного процесса (r = 0,36–0,44; r = 0,48–0,64); развитием патологии органов дыхания и производственным процессом и стажем (r = 0,52–0,61; r = 0,41–0,47). Структуру заболеваемости формируют болезни органов дыхания (5,7–40%), болезни ССС (7,8–10,0%), сочетанная кардиореспираторная патология (42,4%). Изменения более характерны для рабочих с большим стажем. Установлено увеличение скорости пульсовой волны (р = 0,037); линейной скорости кровотока (р = 0,029), снижение податливости артерий (р = 0,031) с повышением периферического сопротивления сосудов (р = 0,031), признаки ЭД (прирост ЭТ-1, BNP).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Изменение уровня ЭТ-1, BNP, упруго-эластических свойств магистральных сосудов чаще отмечается у высокостажированных рабочих, проявляется развитием ЭД, являющейся неблагоприятным фактором в раннем развитии и прогрессировании бронхообструкции лёгких, формировании хронического лёгочного сердца, ремоделировании магистральных сосудов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ЭД – актуальная проблема для изучения с последующей оптимизацией лечебно-профилактических мероприятий на предприятиях горнорудной промышленности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The development of ferruginous quartzites of the Kursk magnetic anomaly basin is accompanied by the release of dust, which affects miners. Identification of markers of preclinical pathology of the cardiorespiratory system (CRS) is relevant.</p><p>Objective is to identify markers of endothelial dysfunction (ED) (endothelin-1 (ET-1), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), changes in the elastic properties of blood vessels) at the preclinical stage of the development of pathology of the cardiovascular system and pathology of the respiratory organs in workers of dust occupations with different experience.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: Medical documentation (812 persons, the period from 2008 to 2015), systematized and statistically processed. ET-1 and BNP were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The central hemodynamics was studied by the method of volumetric compression oscillometry.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A significant correlation was established between the prevalence of diseases of the cardiovascular system (CCC), work experience in harmful conditions, and the peculiarities of the production process, r = 0.36–0.44; r = 0.48–0.64; the development of respiratory pathology with the production process and experience, r = 0.52–0.61, r = 0.41–0.47. The structure of morbidity is mainly formed by respiratory diseases – from 5.7 % to 40%; the third rank place (7.8–10.0%) is occupied by CCC diseases. A number of the examined patients have combined cardiorespiratory pathology (CRP) – 42.4%. The changes are more typical for highly trained workers. The study revealed: an increase in the pulse wave velocity (p = 0.037); linear blood flow velocity (p = 0.029), a decrease in arterial compliance (p = 0.031) with an increase in peripheral vascular resistance (p = 0.031), signs of ED (increase in ET-1, BNP).</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. Changes in ET-1, BNP, elastic-elastic properties of the main vessels more often developed in highly trained workers. They manifested by the development of ED, occurring as an unfavourable factor in the early appearance and progression of bronchial obstruction followed by the formation of a chronic pulmonary heart, remodelling of the main vessels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study of ED is an urgent problem for studying with the subsequent optimization of therapeutic and preventive measures at mining enterprises</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональный риск</kwd><kwd>горно-обогатительные предприятия</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>эндотелин-1</kwd><kwd>натрийуретический пептид</kwd><kwd>кардиореспираторная патология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational risk</kwd><kwd>mining and processing enterprises</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>endothelin-1</kwd><kwd>natriuretic peptide</kwd><kwd>cardiorespiratory pathology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жеглова А.В., Федина И.Н. Современные подходы к проведению профилактических осмотров рабочих виброопасных профессий. 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