rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.46563/0044-197X-2020-64-6-336-342rfhealth-235Research ArticleПРОБЛЕМЫ СОЦИАЛЬНО ЗНАЧИМЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙPROBLEMS OF SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT DISEASESВзаимосвязь индекса массы тела и психических расстройств у взрослого населенияThe relationship between body mass index and mental disorders in the adult populationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-0736ГоленковАндрей ВасильевичGolenkovAndrei V.

Д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. психиатрии, медицинской психологии и неврологии ФГБОУ ВО «Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова», 428015, Чебоксары.

e-mail: golenkovav@inbox.ru

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Psychiatry, Medical Psychology and Neurology of the Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov Cheboksary, 428015, Russia.

e-mail: golenkovav@inbox.ru

golenkovav@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-2799МадяновИ. В.MadyanovIgor V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-194XШмелеваС. В.ShmelevaSvetlana V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-2548ПетроваГ. Д.PetrovaGalina D.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-5822КамынинаН. Н.KamyninaNatalya N.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5001-8503ЛогачевН. В.LogachovNikita V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО «Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова» Министерства образования и науки Российской ФедерацииРоссияChuvash State University named after I.N. UlyanovRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет технологий и управления им. К.Г. Разумовского»РоссияK.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University)Russian FederationГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»РоссияResearch Institute of Health Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare DepartmentRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Государственный университет управления»РоссияState University of ManagementRussian Federation202001012021646336342Copyright © Голенков А.В., Мадянов И.В., Шмелева С.В., Петрова Г.Д., Камынина Н.Н., Логачев Н.В., 20212021Голенков А.В., Мадянов И.В., Шмелева С.В., Петрова Г.Д., Камынина Н.Н., Логачев Н.В.Golenkov A.V., Madyanov I.V., Shmeleva S.V., Petrova G.D., Kamynina N.N., Logachov N.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/235

Цель - изучить особенности распределения индекса массы тела у больных шизофренией, проживающих в Чувашии.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Обследовано 607 стационарных больных шизофренией (307 мужчин и 300 женщин) в возрасте 18-82 года (средний возраст 44,5 ± 12,3 года), находящихся на лечении в Республиканской психиатрической больнице г. Чебоксары. Индекс массы тела учитывали по индексу Кетле. На каждого больного шизофренией заполнялась карта обследования с клинико-терапевтическими и социально-демографическими показателями. Группой сравнения служила выборка из 3417 жителей Чувашии. Математико-статистическая обработка осуществлялась с помощью описательной статистики и χ2-распределения.

Результаты

Результаты. Дефицит массы тела имели 9,2% больных шизофренией, нормальную - 54,2%, избыток массы тела и ожирение - 36,6%. Среди женщин было существенно больше лиц с повышенным индексом массы тела и ожирением, среди мужчин - с нормальным индексом массы тела. Индекс массы тела больных шизофренией не зависел от группы принимаемых антипсихотиков (типичные, атипичные, смешанный прием) и длительности болезни. С возрастом больных индекс массы тела увеличивался до избыточного индекса массы тела (25-29,9 кг/м2). Среди больных шизофренией намного чаще встречались лица с дефицитом массы тела (среди здоровых - 2% против 9,2% у больных шизофренией). Начиная с 40 лет и старше среди здоровой популяции начинают достоверно преобладать лица с повышенным индексом массы тела и ожирением в сравнении с группой больных шизофренией. Наблюдение за индексом массы тела в период стационарного лечения с 1,5 до 22 мес показало разнонаправленную динамику, в том числе повышение массы тела у 42,2% больных шизофренией, снижение - у 30,1%, без изменений индекса массы тела - у 27,7%; какие-либо закономерности колебаний индекса массы тела ретроспективно выявить не удалось.

Заключение

Заключение. Обнаруженные парадоксы индекса массы тела больных шизофренией в Чувашии, особенно высокая доля больных шизофренией с дефицитом массы тела, требуют уточнений с учетом этнических н генетических, половозрастных и гормонально-метаболических факторов.

The purpose of the work is to study the features of the body mass index (BMI) in schizophrenia patients (SP) who live in Chuvashia.

Material and methods

Material and methods. 607 SP were examined (307 men and 300 women) aged 18 to 82 (average - 44.51 ± 12.3 years). The diagnosis of schizophrenia met the criteria for ICD-10 (F20-29); disease duration ranged from 0 to 52 years (mean - 18.9 ± 10.7 years). BMI was taken into account according to the Ketle index. For each SP, a survey card with clinical, therapeutic, and socio-demographic indices was filled out. The comparison group included a sample of 3417 residents of Chuvashia. Mathematical and statistical processing was carried out using descriptive statistics and χ2 distribution.

Results

Results. 9.2% of SP had underweight, 54.2% - normal body weight, 36.6% - excess body weight and obesity. Among women there were significantly more persons with increased BMI and obesity, among men - with normal BMI. In SP, BMI did not depend on the group of taken antipsychotics (typical, atypical, mixed-use) and the disease’s duration. With patients’ age, BMI increased to excess BMI (25-29.9 kg/m2). Among SP, persons with underweight were much more common (among healthy people, 2% vs 9.2% in SP). From 40 years of age and older, among the healthy population, persons with an increased BMI and obesity begin to predominate significantly compared with the SP group. Observations of BMI during inpatient treatment from 1.5 to 22 months showed multidirectional dynamics, including increased body weight in 42.2% of SP, a decrease in 30.1%, without changes in BMI in 27.7%; it was not possible to retrospectively identify any patterns of BMI fluctuations.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The revealed paradoxes of BMI for SP in Chuvashia, especially a high proportion of SP with underweight, require refinement considering ethnic, genetic, sex and age, hormon and metabolic factors.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.