<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2025-69-5-495-503</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">nyjrir</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-2021</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГИГИЕНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск-коммуникация в сфере качества атмосферного воздуха и здоровья населения: потенциал интегрирования цифровых технологий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk communications in the sphere of the ambient air quality and population health: the potential for integrating digital technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-3542</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева-Несевря</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva-Nesevria</surname><given-names>Natalia N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор соц. наук, профессор, зав. лаб. методов анализа социальных рисков, ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: natnes@list.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Sociology), Professor, Head of Social Risk Analysis Laboratory, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: natnes@list.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natnes@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-3932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барг</surname><given-names>Анастасия Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barg</surname><given-names>Anastasiya O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. соц. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. методов анализа социальных рисков, ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: an-bg@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Sociology), senior researcher, Social Risk Analysis Laboratory, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: an-bg@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">an-bg@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>495</fpage><lpage>503</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева-Несевря Н.А., Барг А.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева-Несевря Н.А., Барг А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva-Nesevria N.N., Barg A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/2021">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/2021</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Эффективная риск-коммуникации является значимым фактором снижения предотвратимой заболеваемости и смертности, ассоциированной с антропогенным загрязнением окружающей среды в современных городах. Всемирная организация здравоохранения называет ключевой тенденцией развития систем коммуникации активное использование цифровых технологий (информирование посредством ресурсов сети Интернет, мобильных приложений).</p><p>Цель исследования — определить потенциал интегрирования цифровых технологий в систему коммуникации рисков для здоровья населения, обусловленных загрязнением атмосферного воздуха, на основе характеристики информационных потребностей жителей российских мегаполисов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эмпирическая база исследования — результаты формализованного онлайн-опроса в 2020 г. жителей (n = 378) двух промышленно развитых городах России с населением более 1 млн человек — Новосибирска и Перми.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Выявлен относительно невысокий уровень активного (проявляющегося в самостоятельном поиске релевантной информации) интереса населения к информации о состоянии окружающей среды. При этом общая заинтересованность в информации по теме высокая. Сведения, относящиеся к состоянию здоровья в связи с загрязнением атмосферного воздуха, и возможным действиям, направленным на снижение уровня риска для здоровья, представляют наибольший общественный интерес. Предпочитаемые формы представления информации — текстовые и видеоматериалы. Интерактивные карты обладают определённым потенциалом, но пока слабо востребованы респондентами. Заинтересованность в специализированном мобильном приложении, позволяющем получить информацию о качестве атмосферного воздуха и рисках для здоровья, среди населения крупных промышленных центров России высокая. Потенциал востребованности мобильного приложения выше, чем портала в сети Интернет.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. В выборку опроса включены жители крупнейших городов России. Результаты не репрезентируют мнение населения средних и малых городов, сельских населённых пунктов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Социальные сети, мессенджеры и новостные ленты интернет-ресурсов обладают наибольшим потенциалом при решении задачи информирования населения о состоянии атмосферного воздуха и рисках для здоровья.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование проведено в соответствии с требованиями Этического кодекса Международной социологической ассоциации, одобрено Этическим комитетом ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» (протокол № 6 от 12.03.2020). Все участники дали информированное добровольное письменное согласие на участие в исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Лебедева-Несевря Н.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование; Барг А.О. — обработка и анализ результатов социологического исследования, составление таблицы и списка литературы. Все авторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность текста.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследовано не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 12.05.2025 / Принята к печати: 24.06.2025 / Опубликована: 31.10.202</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Effective risk communication is a significant factor in reducing preventable morbidity and mortality associated with anthropogenic environmental pollution in modern cities. The World Health Organization considers active use of digital technologies (risk communications via the Internet or mobile applications) a key trend in the development of up-to-date communication systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To establish possibilities and ways to integrate digital technologies into risk communications associated with ambient air pollution based on the characteristics on information demands typical for residents of Russian megacities.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The empirical base for the research was provided by the results of an online quantitative survey conducted among adults in Novosibirsk and Perm, two industrially developed cities in Russia with the population exceeding 1 million people (n = 378, 2020).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We established that people had rather low proactive interest in any information about environmental conditions (ambient air pollution and its impacts on health) since less than a half of the respondents searched for it on their own. Still, 76% of them wanted to be informed about these issues and this means that in general there is a high interest in the topic. Data on health associated with ambient air pollution and possible actions aimed at risk mitigation are the most interesting for public in general. People prefer texts and videos when it comes down to a way to communicate information. Interactive maps have some potential but they are still not very popular among people. There is also a demand for a specialized mobile application, which gives an opportunity to get information about ambient air quality and health risks. Social networks, messengers, and news tickers on websites have the greatest potential for informing people about ambient air pollution and health risks.</p></sec><sec><title>Research limitations</title><p>Research limitations. The survey was conducted only among residents of large cities in Russia. Therefore, the results do not cover opinions of people who live in medium-sized or small towns or in rural areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Emphasis in these risk communications should be made on a) an actual ambient air quality; b) its potential effects on health; c) ways to minimize risks. Overall, it seems necessary to develop a whole system of risk communications on environmental pollution and health in Russia. This should involve active use of digital technologies.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in conformity with the International Sociological Association’s (ISA) Code of Ethics; was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Population Health Risk Management (protocol No. 6 dated March 12, 2020). All participants gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study.</p><p>Contribution of the authors: Lebedeva-Nesevria N.A. — study concept and design, writing and editing the text; Barg A.O. — sociological data analysis, drawing up the references. All authors have approved the final version of the article and bear full responsibility for the integrity of all its parts.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: May 14, 2025 / Accepted: June 24, 2025 / Published: October 31, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>риск-коммуникация</kwd><kwd>предотвратимая заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>предотвратимая смертность</kwd><kwd>загрязнение воздуха</kwd><kwd>восприятие риска</kwd><kwd>информационные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>risk-communication</kwd><kwd>informing</kwd><kwd>air pollution</kwd><kwd>preventable morbidity</kwd><kwd>preventable mortality</kwd><kwd>risk perception</kwd><kwd>information technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глобальные рекомендации ВОЗ по качеству воздуха: касающиеся твердых частиц (ТЧ2,5 и ТЧ10), озона, двуокиси азота, двуокиси серы и окиси углерода. Резюме; 2021. Доступно: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/345334/9789240035409-rus.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines: Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10), Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide. Summary; 2021. Available at: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/345334/9789240035409-rus.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Chen S., Zhang L., Kang W., Lin G., Yang Q. Association between ambient air pollutants and short-term mortality risks during 2015-2019 in Guangzhou, China. Front. Public Health. 2024; 12: 1359567. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1359567</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Chen S., Zhang L., Kang W., Lin G., Yang Q. Association between ambient air pollutants and short-term mortality risks during 2015-2019 in Guangzhou, China. Front. Public Health. 2024; 12: 1359567. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1359567</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gariazzo C., Renzi M., Marinaccio A., Michelozzi P., Massari S., Silibello C., et al. Association between short-term exposure to air pollutants and cause-specific daily mortality in Italy. A nationwide analysis. Environ. Res. 2023; 216(Pt. 3): 114676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114676</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gariazzo C., Renzi M., Marinaccio A., Michelozzi P., Massari S., Silibello C., et al. Association between short-term exposure to air pollutants and cause-specific daily mortality in Italy. A nationwide analysis. Environ. Res. 2023; 216(Pt. 3): 114676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114676</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo Y., Li S., Tawatsupa B., Punnasiri K., Jaakkola J.J., Williams G. The association between air pollution and mortality in Thailand. Sci. Rep. 2014; 4: 5509. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05509</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo Y., Li S., Tawatsupa B., Punnasiri K., Jaakkola J.J., Williams G. The association between air pollution and mortality in Thailand. Sci. Rep. 2014; 4: 5509. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05509</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semczuk-Kaczmarek K., Rys-Czaporowska A., Sierdzinski J., Kaczmarek L.D., Szymanski F.M., Platek A.E. Association between air pollution and COVID-19 mortality and morbidity. Intern. Emerg. Med. 2022; 17(2): 467–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-021-02834-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semczuk-Kaczmarek K., Rys-Czaporowska A., Sierdzinski J., Kaczmarek L.D., Szymanski F.M., Platek A.E. Association between air pollution and COVID-19 mortality and morbidity. Intern. Emerg. Med. 2022; 17(2): 467–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-021-02834-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Салтыкова М.М., Балакаева А.В., Федичкина Т.П., Бобровницкий И.П. Основные причины смертности, обусловленной загрязнением воздуха. Гигиена и санитария. 2020; 99(4): 337–43. https://elibrary.ru/gdgnzm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saltykova M.M., Balakaeva A.V., Fedichkina T.P., Bobrovnitskii I.P. Leading air pollution related reasons of death. Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal). 2020; 99(4): 337–43. https://elibrary.ru/gdgnzm (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный доклад «О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2023 году». М.; 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">State Report "On the State of Sanitary and Epidemiological Wellbeing of the Population in the Russian Federation in 2023". Moscow; 2024. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайцева Н.В., Май И.В. Качество атмосферного воздуха и показатели риска здоровью как объективные критерии результативности воздухоохранной деятельности на территориях городов – участников федерального проекта «Чистый воздух». Анализ риска здоровью. 2023; (1): 4–12. https://doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2023.1.01 https://elibrary.ru/omvwle</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaitseva N.V., Mai I.V. Ambient air quality and health risks as objective indicators to estimate effectiveness of air protection in cities included into the "Clean air" Federal project. Analiz riska zdorov’yu. 2023; (1): 4–12. https://doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2023.1.01 https://elibrary.ru/omvwle (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Май И.В., Загороднов С.Ю. Мелкодисперсные пыли в атмосферном воздухе городов федерального проекта «Чистый воздух» как фактор риска здоровью и объект управления. Здоровье населения и среда обитания — ЗНиСО. 2024; 32(12): 39–47. https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2024-32-12-39-47 https://elibrary.ru/mjluew</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mai I.V., Zagorodnov S.Yu. Fine particles in ambient air of the cities included in the Clean Air Federal Project as health risk factors and control objects. Zdorov’e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya — ZNiSO. 2024; 32(12): 39–47. https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2024-32-12-39-47 https://elibrary.ru/mjluew (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Май И.В., Зайцева Н.В. Показатели риска и вреда здоровью населения в системе новых механизмов мониторинга и управления качеством воздуха. Здоровье населения и среда обитания — ЗНиСО. 2022; 30(10): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2022-30-10-7-15 https://elibrary.ru/seitzk</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mai I.V., Zaitseva N.V. Population Health Risk and Harm Indicators in the System of New Mechanisms for Air Quality Monitoring and Management. Zdorov’e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya — ZNiSO. 2022; 30(10): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2022-30-10-7-15 https://elibrary.ru/seitzk (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pfleger E., Adrian C., Lutz R., Drexler H. Science communication on the public health risks of air pollution: a computational scoping review from 1958 to 2022. Arch. Public Health. 2023; 81(1): 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-023-01031-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pfleger E., Adrian C., Lutz R., Drexler H. Science communication on the public health risks of air pollution: a computational scoping review from 1958 to 2022. Arch. Public Health. 2023; 81(1): 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-023-01031-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hano M.C., Baghdikian C.L., Prince S., Lazzarino E., Hubbell B., Sams E., et al. Illuminating stakeholder perspectives at the intersection of air quality health risk communication and cardiac rehabilitation. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019; 16(19): 3603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193603</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hano M.C., Baghdikian C.L., Prince S., Lazzarino E., Hubbell B., Sams E., et al. Illuminating stakeholder perspectives at the intersection of air quality health risk communication and cardiac rehabilitation. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019; 16(19): 3603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193603</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cromar K., Lazrak N. Risk communication of ambient air pollution in the WHO European Region: review of air quality indexes and lessons learned. Copenhagen; 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cromar K., Lazrak N. Risk communication of ambient air pollution in the WHO European Region: review of air quality indexes and lessons learned. Copenhagen; 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Strategic Communications Framework for effective communications. Available at: https://who.int/mediacentre/communication-framework.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Strategic Communications Framework for effective communications. Available at: https://who.int/mediacentre/communication-framework.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berg S.H., O’Hara J.K., Shortt M.T., Thune H., Brønnick K.K., Lungu D.A., et al. Health authorities’ health risk communication with the public during pandemics: a rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21(1): 1401. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11468-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berg S.H., O’Hara J.K., Shortt M.T., Thune H., Brønnick K.K., Lungu D.A., et al. Health authorities’ health risk communication with the public during pandemics: a rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21(1): 1401. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11468-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toolkit Communicating on air quality and health Inspiring practices, challenges and tips. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/system/files/ged/181008_final_toolkit_on_communicating_on_air_quality_and_health_heal.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toolkit Communicating on air quality and health Inspiring practices, challenges and tips. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/system/files/ged/181008_final_toolkit_on_communicating_on_air_quality_and_health_heal.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">United States Environmental Protection Agency. Air Quality Design Values. Available at: https://epa.gov/air-trends/air-quality-design-values</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">United States Environmental Protection Agency. Air Quality Design Values. Available at: https://epa.gov/air-trends/air-quality-design-values</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экологическая ситуация города Москвы. Доступно: https://mosecom.mos.ru/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ecological situation in Moscow. Available at: https://mosecom.mos.ru/ (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экологический портал Санкт-Петербурга. Доступно: https://public.mon.ecopass.adc.spb.ru/air/concentrate</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Environmental portal of St. Petersburg. Available at: https://public.mon.ecopass.adc.spb.ru/air/concentrate (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ФГИС «Экомониторинг». Доступно: https://ecomonitoring.mnr.gov.ru/public/lists/main</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FGIS «Ecomonitoring». Available at: https://ecomonitoring.mnr.gov.ru/public/lists/main (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экологическая повестка: за десять месяцев до выборов в Госдуму. Аналитический обзор; 2020. Доступно: https://wciom.ru/analytical-reviews/analiticheskii-obzor/ehkologicheskaja-povestka-za-desjat-mesjacev-do-vyborov-v-gosdumu</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Environmental agenda: ten months before the State Duma elections. Analytical review; 2020. Available at: https://wciom.ru/analytical-reviews/analiticheskii-obzor/ehkologicheskaja-povestka-za-desjat-mesjacev-do-vyborov-v-gosdumu (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Россияне о состоянии окружающей среды. По результатам социологических исследований; 2013. Доступно: https://wciom.ru/fileadmin/file/reports_conferences/2013/2013-06-17-ekologiya.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russians about the state of the environment. Based on the results of sociological research; 2013. Available at: https://wciom.ru/fileadmin/file/reports_conferences/2013/2013-06-17-ekologiya.pdf (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">% россиян хотят получать больше информации на тему экологии; 2024. Доступно: https://nafi.ru/en/analytics/65-rossiyan-khotyat-poluchat-bolshe-informatsii-na-temu-ekologii/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">% of Russians want to receive more information on environmental issues; 2024. Available at: https://nafi.ru/en/analytics/65-rossiyan-khotyat-poluchat-bolshe-informatsii-na-temu-ekologii/ (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Как изменился российский интернет за 30 лет, рассказали его отцы-основатели в рамках 30-летия Рунета; 2024. Доступно: https://raec.ru/live/branch/14416/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">How the Russian Internet has changed over 30 years, its “founding fathers” told as part of the 30th anniversary of Runet; 2024. Available at: https://raec.ru/live/branch/14416/ (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аудитория интернета в 2022 г. Доступно: https://vk.cc/cQBJYr</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Internet audience in 2022. Available at: https://vk.cc/cQBJYr (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экология: общая ситуация и острые проблемы; 2021. Доступно: https://fom.ru/Obraz-zhizni/14659</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ecology: general situation and acute problems; 2021. Available at: https://fom.ru/Obraz-zhizni/14659 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tompkins L.K., Pennington A.F., Sircar K.D., Mirabelli M.C. Communication channels for receiving air quality alerts among adults in the United States. Prev. Med. Rep. 2021; 25: 101677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101677</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tompkins L.K., Pennington A.F., Sircar K.D., Mirabelli M.C. Communication channels for receiving air quality alerts among adults in the United States. Prev. Med. Rep. 2021; 25: 101677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101677</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smallbone K. Individuals’ interpretation of air quality information: customer insight and awareness study. Available at: http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/assets/documents/reports/cat14/1210261047_Individuals_interpretation_of_air_quality_information_customer_insight_&amp;_awareness_study.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smallbone K. Individuals’ interpretation of air quality information: customer insight and awareness study. Available at: http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/assets/documents/reports/cat14/1210261047_Individuals_interpretation_of_air_quality_information_customer_insight_&amp;_awareness_study.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
