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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2025-69-5-490-494</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">nfgpns</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-2020</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГИГИЕНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности экспрессии гена IL6 в условиях её экспериментальной модификации in vitro вакцинными антигенами (SARS-CoV-2 и influenza virus) и бенз(а)пиреном (на примере транскрипта IL6 hs00174131_m1)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the IL6 gene expression under its experimental modification in vitro by vaccine antigens (SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus) and benz(a)pyrene (using the IL6 transcript hs00174131_m1 as an example)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-1145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Нина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitseva</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, науч. руководитель ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Academician of the RAS, scientific director, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znv@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6173-6017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Отавина</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Otavina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. иммуногенетики отдела иммунобиологических методов диагностики ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: eleninca@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Laboratory of immunogenetics, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: eleninca@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eleninca@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-3145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгих</surname><given-names>Олег Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgikh</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, зав. отд. иммунобиологических методов диагностики ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), head, Department of immunobiological diagnostic methods, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0114-3930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>Ольга Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр., зав. лаб. иммуногенетики ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: chakina2011@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), senior researcher, head, Laboratory of immunogenetics, Department of immunobiological diagnostic methods, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: chakina2011@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chakina2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5162-9234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старкова</surname><given-names>Ксения Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starkova</surname><given-names>Kseniya G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, зав. лаб. иммунологии и аллергологии ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: skg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), head, Laboratory for immunology and allergology, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: skg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skg@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>490</fpage><lpage>494</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зайцева Н.В., Отавина Е.А., Долгих О.В., Казакова О.А., Старкова К.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зайцева Н.В., Отавина Е.А., Долгих О.В., Казакова О.А., Старкова К.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaitseva N.V., Otavina E.A., Dolgikh O.V., Kazakova O.A., Starkova K.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/2020">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/2020</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Условия дестабилизации среды обитания позволяют выдвинуть гипотезу об их модифицирующем воздействии на течение инфекции SARS-CoV-2 и гриппа, что определяет актуальность оценки эффектов действия данных вирусных агентов, а также средовых факторов (на примере бенз(а)пирена), в качестве биологического субстрата которых выступают транскрипты кандидатных генов, а ожидаемыми эффектами — особенности экспрессии фрагментов мРНК.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В условиях инкубации бенз(а)пиреном, вакцинными антигенами вируса SARS-CoV-2 и influenza virus культуры клеток цельной крови проведена оценка относительного нормализованного уровня экспрессии гена IL6 hs00174131_m1 на экспериментальных моделях in vitro для различных сценариев полиморфизма гена IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Эффекты биоэкспозиции различались вектором экспрессии фрагментов мРНК в зависимости от полиморфных вариантов гена IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795). В модифицированных бенз(а)пиреном условиях минорный вариант полиморфизма был ассоциирован с активацией экспрессии транскрипта IL6 hs00174131_m1 в 1,9 раза. Экспозиция вирусными антигенами и бенз(а)пиреном формировала снижение экспрессии транскрипта в 1,2–3,7 раза для типичного гомозиготного и гетерозиготного вариантов гена, что верифицирует формирование иммуносупрессии, сопряжённой с цитокиновым профилем, в условиях антигенной экспозиции на уровне транскриптома и позволяет уточнить механизм модификации спонтанных транскрипционных эффектов средовыми факторами, в зависимости от однонуклеотидного полиморфизма.</p><p>Ограничения исследования обусловлены ограниченностью выборки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экспериментальные модели in vitro подтвердили гипотезу о модифицирующих (угнетающих) экспрессию гена IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795) эффектах вакцинных антигенов (SARS-CoV-2 и гриппа) и бенз(а)пирена, отражающих степень индукции величин экспрессии транскрипта IL6 hs00174131_m1, что позволяет уточнить механизмы формирования иммунных нарушений в системе «геном–постгеном», ассоциированных с течением вирусных инфекций, и рекомендовать идентифицированные маркеры чувствительности и эффекта как индикаторные показатели в диагностике и профилактике COVID-19 и гриппа в условиях дестабилизации среды обитания.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено этическим комитетом ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН» (протокол № 13 от 14.03.2023). Все участники дали информированное добровольное письменное согласие на участие в исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Зайцева Н.В. — дизайн исследования, редактирование; Отавина Е.А. — сбор и обработка материала, статистическая обработка, написание и редактирование текста; Долгих О.В. — концепция, дизайн исследования, редактирование; Казакова О.А. — сбор и обработка материала, статистическая обработка, редактирование; Старкова К.Г. — статистическая обработка, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 11.03.2025 / Принята к печати: 24.06.2025 / Опубликована: 31.10.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Conditions under which the environment becomes destabilized allow hypothesizing about their modifying effects on the course of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and influenza. This determines the relevance of assessing the effects produced by these viral agents as well as environmental factors (for example, benz(a)pyrene), which use transcripts of candidate genes as a biological substrate, and expected effects in particular include specific expression of mRNA fragments.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The relative normalized level of gene (protein) expression of the IL6 hs00174131_m1 gene was assessed in incubation of a whole blood cell cultures with benz(a)pyrene, SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine antigen and influenza virus vaccine antigens the assessment was performed on spontaneous and antigen incubation-induced experimental models in vitro for various polymorphism scenarios of the IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795) gene.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Effects of bioexposition differed in the expression vector of mRNA fragments depending on polymorphic variants of the IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795) gene. Thus, the minor variant of the IL6 C(-174)G gene polymorphism, was associated with activation of the expression of the IL6 hs00174131_m1 transcript (by 1.9 times). Exposure to viral antigens and benz(a)pyrene caused inhibition of the mRNA expression of the IL6 transcript hs00174131_m1 (by 1.2–3.7 times) for typical homozygous and heterozygous variants of the IL6 gene (rs1800795), which verifies occurrence of immunosuppression scenarios associated with the cytokine profile under antigenic exposure at the transcriptome level and allows clarifying the mechanism of modification of spontaneous effects by environmental chemical and biological factors depending on a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).</p></sec><sec><title>Research limitations</title><p>Research limitations. Are related to the limited sample.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The hypothesis on modifying (inhibiting) effects of benz(a)pyrene and vaccine antigens (SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus) on the IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795) gene expression has been confirmed by using experimental in vitro models. These effects reflect intensity of induction of the scaled values of its IL6 hs00174131_m1 transcript, which makes it possible to clarify some pathways of immune disorders in the “genome-postgenome” system associated with the course of viral infections and to recommend the proposed sensitivity and effect markers as indicators for diagnosing and preventing COVID-19 and influenza in a destabilized environment (using benzo(a)pyrene as an example).</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies (Protocol No. 13 dated of March 14, 2023). All patients were informed about the purpose of the study and gave informed voluntary consent to participate in the study.</p><p>Contribution of the authors: Zaitseva N.V. — study design, editing; Otavina E.A. — data collection and analysis, statistical analysis, writing and editing the text; Dolgikh O.V. — study concept and design, editing the text; Kazakova O.A. — data collection and analysis, statistical analysis, editing the text; Starkova K.G. — statistical analysis, editing the text. All authors are responsible for approving the final version of the article and the integrity of its all parts.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no obvious or potential conflicts of interest in connection with the publication of this article.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: March 11, 2025 / Accepted: June 24, 2025 / Published October 31, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>influenza virus</kwd><kwd>бенз(а)пирен</kwd><kwd>ген IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795)</kwd><kwd>транскрипт IL6 hs00174131_m1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>influenza virus</kwd><kwd>benz(a)pyrene</kwd><kwd>IL6 C(-174)G (rs1800795) gene</kwd><kwd>IL6 hs00174131_m1 transcript</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поздняков М.В., Мазилов С.И., Райкова С.В., Гусев Ю.С., Комлева Н.Е., Микеров А.Н. Оценка качества атмосферного воздуха в разных странах (обзор). 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