rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0044-197X-2025-69-5-462-468yrfuhwrfhealth-2016Research ArticleПРОФИЛАКТИКА НЕИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙPREVENTION OF NONINFECTIOUS DISEASESПринципы обучения самоконтролю и самопомощи для пациентов с хроническими неинфекционными заболеваниями за рубежом (обзор литературы)Principles of self-control and self-help education for patients with chronic non-communicable diseases (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-3687КукшинаАнастасия АлексеевнаKukshinaAnastasia A.

Доктор мед. наук, уч. секретарь, ГБУ НИИОЗММ ДЗМ, 115088, Москва, Россия

e-mail: kukshina@list.ru

DSc (Medicine), scientific secretary, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, 115088, Russian Federation

e-mail: kukshina@list.ru

kukshina@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-5822КамынинаНаталья НиколаевнаKamyninaNatalya N.

Доктор мед. наук, зам. директора по научной работе, ГБУ НИИОЗММ ДЗМ, 115088, Москва, Россия

e-mail: KamyninaNN@zdrav.mos.ru

DSc (Medicine), Deputy Director for Research, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, 115088, Russian Federation

e-mail: KamyninaNN@zdrav.mos.ru

KamyninaNN@zdrav.mos.ruГБУ города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Departme202501112025695462468Copyright © Кукшина А.А., Камынина Н.Н., 20252025Кукшина А.А., Камынина Н.Н.Kukshina A.A., Kamynina N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/2016

В статье представлен обзор отечественных и зарубежных публикаций, посвящённых реализации программ обучения самонаблюдению и самоконтролю для лиц, страдающих хроническими неинфекционными заболеваниями (ХНИЗ). Проанализировано не менее 1500 отечественных и зарубежных печатных работ на заданную тему, находящихся в доступных базах данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, РИНЦ и на сайте ВОЗ. Представлены данные о возможности применения различных вариантов обучения пациентов, в частности таких как «школы пациентов» с ХНИЗ, их эффективности в плане повышения комплаенса и фармакоэкономической эффективности проводимого лечения. Обозначены трудности, испытываемые пациентами при изучении специальной информации, касающейся заболевания, и предопределяющие поиск новых решений в данной области. Обоснована актуальность включения в работу с пациентами метода «обучения с обратной связью», который используется в различных областях здравоохранения и позволяет не только предоставить пациенту максимально подробную информацию, но и получить от него обратную связь, свидетельствующую об уровне её понимания (основывается на уточняющих вопросах специалиста и ответах пациента, отражающих достаточное понимание им сути предоставляемой информации). Приведены примеры работ, продемонстрировавших актуальность внедрения обучения с обратной связью при его включении в программы медицинского образования взрослых больных с ХНИЗ. Показано, что обоснованное включение систематизированных образовательных программ с обратной связью в схему наблюдения за данной категорией пациентов позволяет оптимизировать процесс лечения, снизить трудозатраты медицинского персонала, существенно сократить время пребывания пациентов в амбулаторных и стационарных лечебно-профилактических учреждениях, снизить риск повторных госпитализаций.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Кукшина А.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, анализ литературы, написание текста, составление списка литературы, редактирование; Камынина Н.Н. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Данная статья подготовлена авторским коллективом в рамках НИР «Инновационные подходы в развитии системы общественного здравоохранения города Москвы» (№ по ЕГИСУ: № 123032100060-2).

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Поступила

Поступила: 28.03.2025 / Принята к печати: 24.06.2025 / Опубликована: 31.10.202

The article provides an overview of domestic and foreign reports on the possibility of implementing self-monitoring and self-control training programs for people suffering from chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD). There were analyzed at least 1,500 domestic and foreign reports on a given topic, which are available in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, RSCI and on the WHO website. Data are presented on the possibility of using various patient education options, in particular, such as “patient schools” with CNCD, their effectiveness in terms of improving compliance and the pharmacoeconomic effectiveness of treatment. The difficulties experienced by patients in studying special information related to the disease and determining the search for new solutions in this area are outlined. The relevance of including the teach-back method in working with patients, which is used in various fields of healthcare and allow not only to providing the patient with the most detailed information, but also receiving feedback from him indicating the level of her understanding (based on clarifying questions from the specialist and the patient’s answers, reflecting a sufficient understanding of the essence of the information provided). There are given examples of works demonstrated the relevance of introducing feedback learning when it is included in medical education programs for adult CNCD patients. The reasonable inclusion of systematic educational programs with feedback in the monitoring scheme for this category of patients was shown to make it possible to optimize the treatment process, reduce the labor costs of medical personnel, significantly reduce the time spent by patients in outpatient and inpatient treatment facilities, and reduce the risk of repeated hospitalization.

Contribution of the authors: Kukshina A.A. — research concept and design, literature analysis, text writing, bibliography, editing; Kamynina N.N. — research concept and design, text writing, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Funding

Funding. This article was prepared by the author’s team within the framework of the research «Innovative approaches in the development of the public health system of the city of Moscow» (no. according to EGISU: № 123032100060-2).

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: March 28, 2025 / Accepted: June 24, 2025 / Published: October 31, 2025

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.