rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.46563/0044-197X-2020-64-4-181-189rfhealth-193Research ArticleОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯHEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONНовый этап развития системы лечения и реабилитации пациентов с расстройствами шизофренического спектраThe new stage in the development of a system for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disordershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-7894БерезанцевАндрей ЮрьевичBerezantsevAndrey Yu.berintend@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-3644КостюкГ. П.KostyukGeorgiy P.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2613-8783БурыгинаЛ. А.BuryginaLarisa A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9197-1691ЛевинМ. Е.LevinMikhail E.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9614-7343МасякинА. В.MasyakinAnton V.noemail@neicon.ruГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.А. Алексеева» Департамента здравоохранения города МосквыAlekseev psychiatric hospital № 1 of the Moscow Department of HealthГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П.Б. Ганнушкина» Департамента здравоохранения города МосквыGannushkin psychiatric hospital № 4 of the Moscow Department of HealthМинистерство здравоохранения Московской областиMinistry of Health of the Moscow Region202008092020644181189Copyright © Березанцев А.Ю., Костюк Г.П., Бурыгина Л.А., Левин М.Е., Масякин А.В., 20202020Березанцев А.Ю., Костюк Г.П., Бурыгина Л.А., Левин М.Е., Масякин А.В.Berezantsev A.Y., Kostyuk G.P., Burygina L.A., Levin M.E., Masyakin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/193Цель

Цель. Оценка статистических данных о распространенности больных с расстройствами шизофренического спектра (РШС) по г. Москве для обоснования нового этапа развития внебольничной системы лечения и реабилитации данной категории пациентов.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Рассматривается динамика учтенного контингента больных с РШС по г. Москве за 15 лет (2004-2018 гг.).

Результаты

Результаты. Констатируется снижение числа пациентов с РШС (с 0,53% до 0,44% постоянного населения г. Москвы), находящихся под наблюдением в государственной системе здравоохранения, что объясняется процессами деинституционализации и смещением акцентов в сторону амбулаторного звена оказания психиатрической помощи. С позиций биопсихосоциального подхода обсуждается тенденция к изменению соотношения наблюдающихся пациентов мужского и женского пола (повышение удельного веса пациентов мужского пола и снижение - женского) за указанный период времени. Анализируется проект новой версии международной классификации психических и поведенческих расстройств (МКБ-11) в части, касающейся РШС, с точки зрения оптимизации психиатрической помощи данному контингенту больных.

Вывод

Вывод. Отмечаемые изменения учтенного контингента пациентов и появление новых подходов к диагностике и терапии больных с РШС свидетельствуют о наступлении нового этапа развития внебольничной системы лечения и реабилитации на основе последних достижений психофармакологии и развития систем социальной поддержки пациентов с психическими расстройствами.

Aim

Aim. Evaluation of statistical data on the prevalence of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders in Moscow, to substantiate a new stage of the development of out-patients system of treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients.

Methods

Methods. There is considered trend of the accounted contingent of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders in Moscow for fifteen years (2004-2018).

Results

Results. There is a decrease in the number of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders (from 0.53% to 0.44% of the permanent population of Moscow) under observation in the state health care system, which is explained by the processes of deinstitutionalization and a shift in emphasis towards the outpatient level of psychiatric care. From the standpoint of the biopsychosocial approach, the tendency to change the ratio of observed male and female patients (increase in the proportion of male patients and decrease in female) over the specified period is discussed. The article analyzes the draft of the new version of the international classification of mental and behavioral disorders (ICD-11) in terms of schizophrenic spectrum disorders in terms of optimizing psychiatric care for this contingent of patients.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The observed changes in the considered contingent of patients and the introduction of new approaches to the diagnosis and therapy of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders indicate the onset of a new stage in the development of out-patient treatment and rehabilitation system based on the latest achievements of psychopharmacology and the development of social support systems for patients with mental disorders.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.