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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2025-69-1-77-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ftunau</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-1787</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГИГИЕНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности иммунного и генетического профиля у детей, страдающих заболеваниями сердечно-сосудистой системы, ассоциированными с контаминацией биосред никелем и медью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the immune and genetic profile in children suffering from diseases of the cardiovascular system associated with contamination of biological media with nickel and copper</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-3145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгих</surname><given-names>Олег Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgikh</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, зав. отделом иммунобиологических методов диагностики, ФБУН ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН, Пермь, 614045, Россия</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Immunobiological Diagnostic Methods, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-2448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширинкина</surname><given-names>Алиса Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirinkina</surname><given-names>Alisa S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отдела иммунобиологических методов диагностики, ФБУН ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН, 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: shirinkina.ali@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research associate of the Department of Immunobiological Diagnostic Methods, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: shirinkina.ali@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shirinkina.ali@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-1145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Нина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitseva</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академик РАН, доктор мед. наук, профессор, науч. руководитель, ФБУН ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН, 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Scientific Supervisor, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znv@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долгих О.В., Ширинкина А.С., Зайцева Н.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долгих О.В., Ширинкина А.С., Зайцева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolgikh O.V., Shirinkina A.S., Zaitseva N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/1787">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/1787</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В последнее десятилетие приобретает актуальность вопрос о возможном модифицирующем влиянии экспозиции тяжёлыми металлами на возникновение, прогрессирование и течение сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) среди детей дошкольного возраста.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучение изменений в иммунном и генетическом профиле у детей, страдающих заболеваниями сердечно-сосудистой системы, связанными с контаминацией биосред никелем и медью.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнено обследование 97 детей, проживающих в индустриальном центре Пермского края: группа наблюдения (n = 45) — с ССЗ, группа сравнения (n = 52) — без патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы. Annexin V и рецепторы CD16+CD56+ определяли цитофлюорометрическим методом. Содержание специфических иммуноглобулинов класса E (к никелю), G (к меди) исследовали аллергосорбентным методом. Поиск однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов осуществляли методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В биосредах детей, имеющих в анамнезе ССЗ, отмечена избыточная концентрация никеля и меди; гиперпродукция IgG к меди в 1,8 раза, IgE к никелю — в 1,5 раза; активация рецепторов CD16+CD56+ в 1,2–1,6 раза, Annexin V — в 1,5–4,5 раза. Распространённость в выборке детей группы наблюдения С аллеля гена IL-6 G174C (относительный риск (ОР) = 1,62; 95% ДИ 1,01–2,59), С аллеля гена MTHFR C677T (ОР = 1,39; 95% ДИ 1,07–1,79) повышают ОР формирования патологии в 1,6 и 1,4 раза.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования: детское население 3–6 лет, для группы наблюдения — зарегистрированные ССЗ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты позволили выдвинуть гипотезу о том, что особенности генетического профиля — С аллель гена MTHFR C677T rs1801133 формирует относительный риск (ОР = 1,39; 95% ДИ 1,07–1,79) дисбаланса экспрессии серосодержащих аминокислот, участвующих в детоксикации кардиотропных поллютантов (медь, никель), риск нарушения экспрессии конструкта цитокина — аллель С гена IL-6 G174C rs1800795 (ОР = 1,62; 95% ДИ 1,01–2,59), ассоциированного с ССЗ, что формирует компенсаторную провоспалительную альтерацию (гиперэкспрессия CD16+CD56+ и Annexin V), лежащую в основе этиопатогенеза ССЗ.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено этическим комитетом ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» (протокол № 2 от 17.07.2023). законные представители  всех детей дали информированное добровольное письменное согласие на участие в исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Долгих О.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, написание текста, редактирование; Ширинкина А.С. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование, составление списка литературы, статистическая обработка данных; Зайцева Н.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки. </p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 18.09.2024 / Принята к печати: 11.12.2024 / Опубликована: 28.02.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. A pressing issue is the possible impact of exposure to heavy metals on the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among the pediatric population.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To evaluate the immune and genetic profile in CVD children under environment contamination with nickel and copper.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Ninety seven children living in the industrial center of the Perm region were examined. Observation group (45 CVD patients), comparison group (52 cases) without CVD. Annexin V and CD16+CD56+ receptors were determined by cytofluorometry. Content of specific IgE to nickel and IgG to copper was detected by the allergosorbent method. SNP genotyping was performed using real-time PCR.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the observation group, there was noted an increase in the concentration of nickel and copper; hyperproduction of IgG to copper, IgE to nickel by 1.8 and 1.5 times; activation of CD16+CD56+ receptors by 1.2–1.6 times and annexin V by 1.5–4.5 times. Prevalence in the observation group of the C allele of the IL-6 G174C gene (RR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.01–2.59) and the C allele of the MTHFR C677T gene (RR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.07–1.79) increase the relative risk of CVD by 1.6 and 1.4 times.</p></sec><sec><title>Research limitations</title><p>Research limitations. 3–6 years children, in the observation group the presence of CVD.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Allele C of the MTHFR C677T rs1801133 gene forms a relative risk (RR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.07–1.79) of imbalance in the expression of sulfur-containing amino acids, impaired expression of allele C of the IL-6 G174C rs1800795 gene (RR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.01–2.59), results in overexpression of CD16+CD56+, Annexin V underlying the etiopathogenesis of CVD diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Keywords</title><p>Keywords: pathology of the cardiovascular system; MTHFR C677T rs1801133 gene; IL-6 G174C rs1800795 gene; nickel; copper; clusters of cellular differentiation; Annexin V</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Public Health Risk Management (Protocol No.2 dated July 17, 2023). Parents or guardians of all children signed voluntary informed consent to participate in the study.</p><p>Contribution of the authors: Dolgikh O.V. — the concept and design of the study, writing a text, editing; Shirinkina A.S. — the collection and processing of the material, writing a text, editing; Zaitseva N.V. — the concept and design of the study, writing a text, editing. All authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article. </p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study was not sponsored.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: September 18, 2024 / Accepted: December 11, 2024 / Published: February 28, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>патология сердечно-сосудистой системы</kwd><kwd>ген MTHFR C677T rs1801133</kwd><kwd>ген IL-6 G174C rs1800795</kwd><kwd>никель</kwd><kwd>медь</kwd><kwd>кластеры клеточной дифференцировки</kwd><kwd>Annexin V</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pathology of the cardiovascular system</kwd><kwd>MTHFR C677T rs1801133 gene</kwd><kwd>IL-6 G174C rs1800795 gene</kwd><kwd>nickel</kwd><kwd>copper</kwd><kwd>clusters of cellular differentiation</kwd><kwd>Annexin V</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова М.Г., Комарова Е.В., Цыплихин Н.О. 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