<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/0044-197X-2020-64-3-150-157</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-177</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ (ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ, ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOXICOLOGY (PREVENTIVE, CLINICAL, ECOLOGICAL)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Безопасность импортируемой сельскохозяйственной продукции: остаточные количества пестицидов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety of imported agricultural products: pesticide residues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитский</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskii</surname><given-names>Valeriy N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-6458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоан</surname><given-names>Нгок Хай</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doan</surname><given-names>Ngoc Hai</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Наталия Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Nataliya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-092X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березняк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bereznyak</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-4011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ло</surname><given-names>Ван Тунг</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lo</surname><given-names>Van Tung</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-6970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорченкова</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorchenkova</surname><given-names>Ol’ga E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-5090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гречина</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grechina</surname><given-names>Marina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный институт профессионального здоровья и окружающей среды<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health (NIOEH)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>157</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ракитский В.Н., Зоан Н.Х., Федорова Н.Е., Березняк И.В., Ло В.Т., Егорченкова О.Е., Гречина М.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ракитский В.Н., Зоан Н.Х., Федорова Н.Е., Березняк И.В., Ло В.Т., Егорченкова О.Е., Гречина М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakitskii V.N., Doan N.H., Fedorova N.E., Bereznyak I.V., Lo V.T., Egorchenkova O.E., Grechina M.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/177">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/177</self-uri><abstract><p>Гигиеническая оценка безопасности импортируемой пищевой продукции с позиций содержания остаточных количеств пестицидов особенно актуальна в условиях действующего соглашения о зоне свободной торговли между Евразийским экономическим союзом и Социалистической Республикой Вьетнам, а также в связи с широким спектром химических средств защиты растений, применяемых в период вегетации культур.</p><p>Цель исследования - оценить уровень остаточных количеств пестицидов в образцах отдельных продуктов питания, произведенных во Вьетнаме.</p><sec><title>Задачи исследования</title><p>Задачи исследования: выполнить количественную идентификацию 42 действующих веществ пестицидов (и их метаболитов) в образцах зерна риса, драконьих фруктов (питахайя), авокадо, а также манго и бананов (свежих и сушеных).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Для идентификации действующих веществ пестицидов использованы многокомпонентные и индивидуальные методы, основанные на жидкостной и газожидкостной хроматографии с масс-спектрометрическим и флуориметрическим детектированием. Для многокомпонентного определения 40 веществ процедура пробоподготовки выполнена по технологии QuEChERS. Определение авермектинов (абамектина и эмамектина бензоата) проведено индивидуальными методами после превращения веществ во флуорогенные производные.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В отдельных образцах идентифицированы остаточные количества тебуконазола (рис - 0,53 мг/кг, плоды манго - 0,26 мг/кг, авокадо - 0,15 мг/кг), флудиоксонила (рис - 0,017 мг/кг), имидаклоприда (сушеные плоды манго - 0,01 мг/кг), карбендазима (сушеные плоды манго - 0,011 мг/кг). Остаточные количества авермектинов не выявлены. Содержание веществ в проанализированных образцах драконьих фруктов (питахайя) не превышало 0,01 мг/кг.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Полученные в работе результаты сопоставлены с данными общеевропейского и национального мониторингов, включающих импортируемые товары, согласно которым рису и драконьим фруктам как объектам мониторинга уделяется повышенное внимание.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Показана безопасность отдельных видов пищевой продукции, импортируемой из Вьетнама, по содержанию остаточных количеств пестицидов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. From the evaluation of the positions of residual quantities of pesticides, the hygienic safety assessment of imported food products is most relevant under the current agreement on a free trade zone between the EAEU and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, as well as in connection with a large list of chemical plant protection products used during the vegetation of crops.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study. Rating the level of residual quantities of pesticides in samples of selected food products produced in Vietnam is the purpose of the study.</p></sec><sec><title>Research objectives</title><p>Research objectives. To quantify 42 active ingredients of pesticides (and their metabolites) in samples of rice grain, dragon fruit (pitahaya), avocado, mango and banana (fresh and dried) are the research objectives.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Multicomponent and individual methods based on LC and GC with MS-detection and FLD were used to identify active ingredients of pesticides. The sample preparation procedure with QuEChERS technology was used for the multi residues determination of the 40 compounds. The determination of avermectins (abamectin and emamectin benzoate) was carried out after the conversion of substances into fluorogenic derivatives.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Residual amounts of tebuconazole (rice - 0.53 ppm, mangoes - 0.26 ppm, avocado - 0.15 ppm), fludioxonil (rice - 0.017 ppm), imidacloprid (dried mangoes - 0.01 ppm), carbendazim (dried mangoes - 0.011 ppm) were identified in single samples No residual avermectins have been identified. The content of substances in the analyzed samples of dragon fruit (pitahaya) did not exceed 0.01 ppm.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The results obtained in the work are compared with the data of the annual pan-European and national monitoring, information on which is publicly available (2017), including imported goods, according to which rice and dragon fruits as objects of monitoring are given increased attention.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The safety of certain types of food products imported from Vietnam is shown by the content of residual quantities of pesticides.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>импортируемая пищевая продукция</kwd><kwd>остаточные количества пестицидов</kwd><kwd>контроль безопасности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>imported food products</kwd><kwd>pesticide residues</kwd><kwd>control of safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ракитский В.Н. Токсикология пестицидов. Токсикологический вестник. 2010; (3): 21-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakitskiy V.N. Toxicology of pesticides. Toksikologicheskiy vestnik. 2010; (3): 21-2. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тутельян В.А., Хотимченко С.А. Качество и безопасность пищевой продукции: современные аспекты. В кн.: Попова А.Ю., Ракитский В.Н., ред. Материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием «Гигиена, токсикология, профпатология: традиции и современность». М.: Дашков и Ко; 2016: 242-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tutel’yan V.A., Khotimchenko S.A. Quality and safety of food products: modern aspects. In: Popova A.Yu., Rakitskiy V.N., eds. Materials of the All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference with International Participation «Hygiene, Toxicology, Occupational Pathology: Traditions and Modernity» [Materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Gigiena, toksikologiya, profpatologiya: traditsii i sovremennost’»]. Moscow: Dashkov i Ко; 2016: 242-8. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антонович Е.А., Седокур Л.К. Качество продуктов питания в условиях химизации сельского хозяйства. Справочник. Киев: Урожай; 1990.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antonovich E.A., Sedokur L.K. The Quality of Food in the Context of the Chemicalization of Agriculture. Handbook [Kachestvo produktov pitaniya v usloviyakh khimizatsii sel’skogo khozyaystva. Spravochnik]. Kiev: Urozhay; 1990. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захаренко В.А. Особенности проявления рисков химического загрязнения, связанного с применением пестицидов. Защита и карантин растений. 2017; (6): 3-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharenko V.A. Features of occurrence of the risks of chemical contamination as a result of the pesticides use. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy. 2017; (6): 3-7. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Орлов Д.С., Садовникова Л.К., Лозановская И.Н. Экология и охрана биосферы при химическом загрязнении. М.: Высшая школа; 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orlov D.S., Sadovnikova L.K., Lozanovskaya I.N. Ecology and Conservation of the Biosphere During Chemical Pollution [Ekologiya i okhrana biosfery pri khimicheskom zagryaznenii]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola; 2002. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Справочник пестицидов и агрохимикатов, разрешенных к применению на территории Российской Федерации. М.: Листерра; 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Handbook of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian Federation. Moscow: Listerra; 2019. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ðurović R., Ðorđević T. Modern Extraction Techniques for Pesticide Residues Determination in Plant and Soil Samples. Pesticides in the Modern World – Trends in Pesticides. Analysis. Available at: http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/20992/InTechModern_extraction_tecniques_for_pesticide_residues_determination_in_plant_and_soil_samples.pdf (Дата обращения: 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ðurović R., Ðorđević T. Modern Extraction Techniques for Pesticide Residues Determination in Plant and Soil Samples. Pesticides in the Modern World – Trends in Pesticides. Analysis. Available at: https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/20992/InTechModern_extraction_tecniques_for_pesticide_residues_determination_in_plant_and_soil_samples.pdf (Accessed 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Turner J.A., ed. The Pesticide Manual. Alton, Hampshire: BCPC; 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turner J.A., ed. The Pesticide Manual. Alton, Hampshire: BCPC; 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anastassiades M., Lehotay S.J., Stajnbaher D., Schenck F.J. Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and “Dispersive solid-phase extraction” for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. J. AOAC Int. 2003; 86(2): 412-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anastassiades M., Lehotay S.J., Stajnbaher D., Schenck F.J. Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and “Dispersive solid-phase extraction” for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. J. AOAC Int. 2003; 86(2): 412-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">SANTE/11813/2017. Guidance document on analytical quality control and method validation procedures for pesticide residues and analysis in food and feed. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/plant/docs/pesticides_mrl_guidelines_wrkdoc_2017-11813.pdf (Дата обращения: 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SANTE/11813/2017. Guidance document on analytical quality control and method validation procedures for pesticide residues and analysis in food and feed. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/plant/docs/pesticides_mrl_guidelines_wrkdoc_2017-11813.pdf (Accessed 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lehotary S.J., de Kok A., Hiemstra M., van Bodegraven P. Validation of a fast and easy method for the determination of 229 pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables using gas and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric detection. J. AOAC Int. 2005; 88(2): 595-614.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lehotary S.J., de Kok A., Hiemstra M., van Bodegraven P. Validation of a fast and easy method for the determination of 229 pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables using gas and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric detection. J. AOAC Int. 2005; 88(2): 595-614.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">AOAC Official Method 2007.01. Pesticide Residues in Foods by Acetonitrile Extraction and Partitioning with Magnesium Sulfate. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. First Action 2007. Available at: https://weber.hu/Downloads/SPE/QuEChERS/AOAC_2007_01.pdf (Дата обращения: 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AOAC Official Method 2007.01. Pesticide Residues in Foods by Acetonitrile Extraction and Partitioning with Magnesium Sulfate. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. First Action 2007. Available at: https://weber.hu/Downloads/SPE/QuEChERS/AOAC_2007_01.pdf (Accessed 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kolberg D.I., Prestes O.D., Adaime M.B., Zenella R. Development of a fast multiresidues method for the determinationof pesticides in dry samples (wheat grain, flour and bran) using QuEChERS based method and GC-MS. Food Chem. 2011; 125(4): 1436-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.041</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolberg D.I., Prestes O.D., Adaime M.B., Zenella R. Development of a fast multiresidues method for the determination of pesticides in dry samples (wheat grain, flour and bran) using QuEChERS based method and GC-MS. Food Chem. 2011; 125(4): 1436-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">González-Curbelo M.Á., Herrera-Herrera A.V., Ravelo-Pérez L.M., Hernández-Borges J. Sample-preperation methods for pesticideresidue analysis in cereals and derivatives. Trends Analyt. Chem. 2012; 38: 32-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2012.04.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">González-Curbelo M.Á., Herrera-Herrera A.V., Ravelo-Pérez L.M., Hernández-Borges J. Sample-preperation methods for pesticideresidue analysis in cereals and derivatives. Trends Analyt. Chem. 2012; 38: 32-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2012.04.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snayder P. Biochemical and Biotechnological Applications of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Washington, DC: ACS; 1995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snayder P. Biochemical and Biotechnological Applications of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Washington, DC: ACS; 1995.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ракитский В.Н. Обеспечение безопасности продуктов питания в свете интеграционных процессов: гармонизация российских и международных гигиенических нормативов. Здравоохранение Российской Федерации. 2013; 57(2): 29-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakitskiy V.N. Ensuring food safety in the light of integration processes: harmonization of Russian and international hygiene standards. Zdravookhranenie Rossiyskoy Federatsii. 2013; 57(2): 29-31. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The 2017 European Union report on pesticide residues in Food. EFSA J. Available at: https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5743 (Дата обращения: 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The 2017 European Union report on pesticide residues in Food. EFSA J. Available at: https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5743 (Accessed 09.01.2020)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
