rfhealthЗдравоохранение Российской ФедерацииHealth care of the Russian Federation0044-197X2412-0723Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0044-197X-2024-68-5-419-424shmafdrfhealth-1681Research ArticleЗДОРОВЬЕ ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВCHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS’ HEALTHТенденция неврологических заболеваний у подростков города Москвы до и после пандемии COVID-19The trend in neurological diseases in Moscow adolescents, before and after the COVID-19 pandemichttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8184-9705ПодчернинаАнастасия МихайловнаPodcherninaAnastasia M.

Зав. центром медицинской статистики ГБУ города Москвы «НИИ организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента ДЗМ», 115088, Москва, Россия

e-mail: podcherninaam@zdrav.mos.ru

Head of the Center for Medical Statistics, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115088, Moscow, Russian Federation

e-mail: podcherninaam@zdrav.mos.ru

podcherninaam@zdrav.mos.ruГБУ города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»РоссияResearch Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare DepartmentRussian Federation202404112024685419424Copyright © Подчернина А.М., 20242024Подчернина А.М.Podchernina A.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/1681Введение

Введение. Уровень стресса среди подростков в период пандемии COVID-19 значительно возрос из-за неопределённости будущего, страха за здоровье своих близких, переживаний из-за остановки обычной жизни и изменений в учебном процессе. Кроме того, увеличение времени, проведённого в закрытых помещениях, отсутствие физической активности, неправильное питание и нарушение режима сна также способствуют ухудшению нервной системы подростков. Необходимо проводить дополнительные исследования и мониторинг заболеваемости нервной системы среди подростков в постпандемийный период, чтобы оценить и предотвратить возможные негативные последствия на их здоровье.

Цель работы — проанализировать динамику показателей заболеваемости болезнями нервной системы подростков, в том числе гендерные различия, на примере Москвы в период до пандемии COVID-19 и после.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Применены методы: сводка и группировка, расчёт показателей относительных и средних величин, рядов динамики, показатели распределения, анализ статистических совокупностей. Использованы данные формы федерального статистического наблюдения № 12 «Сведения о числе заболеваний, зарегистрированных у пациентов, проживающих в районе обслуживания медицинской организации» за 2016–2023 гг.

Результаты

Результаты. В связи с пандемией COVID-19 в Москве наблюдался рост заболеваемости в «постковидный» период. За 2021–2023 гг. рост показателей заболеваемости расстройствами вегетативной нервной системы в 2 раза выше, чем за пятилетний «доковидный» период.

Ограничение исследования

Ограничение исследования. Исследование имеет региональные (г. Москва) ограничения.

Заключение

Заключение. Среднемосковские показатели заболеваемости нервной системы, оставаясь ниже российских, в динамике сближаются с ними. Значительных изменений в различии заболеваний юношей и девушек не выявлено, но в части эпизодических и пароксизмальных расстройств отмечена динамика на сближение показателей.

Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 31

Поступила 31.05.2024 / Принята к печати 03.10.2024 / Опубликована 06.11.2024

Introduction

Introduction. During the pandemic the stress level among adolescents has increased significantly due to the uncertainty of the future, awareness for the health of their friends and family, and changes in the educational process and daily routine. In addition, increased time spent indoors, lack of physical activity, poor nutrition and sleep disorders also contribute to the deterioration of the nervous system of adolescents.

It is necessary to conduct additional research and monitoring of the incidence of the nervous system among adolescents in the post-pandemic period to assess and prevent possible negative consequences on their health.

The purpose is to analyze the trend in the incidence of diseases of the nervous system in adolescents, including gender differences, using the example of Moscow over the period before and after the Covid-19 pandemic.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The following methods are applied: summary and grouping, calculation of relative and average values, dynamics series, distribution indices, analysis of statistical aggregates. The data of the federal statistical observation form No. 12 “Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical institution” for 2016–2023 was used.

Results

Results. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Moscow, there was an increase in the incidence during the “post-covid” period. In 2021–2023, the gain in the incidence of disorders of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is twofold higher than over the five-year “pre-covid” period.

Research limitations

Research limitations. The study has regional (Moscow) limitations.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The average Moscow rates of the morbidity of the nervous system, while remaining lower than the Russian ones, are approaching them in trend. There were no significant changes in the difference between diseases in boys and girls, but in terms of episodic and paroxysmal disorders, the trend in convergence of indices was noted.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of the conclusion of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare the absence of obvious and potential conflicts of interest in connection with the publication of this article.

Received

Received: May 31, 2024 / Accepted: October 3, 2024 / Published: November 6, 2024

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.