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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rfhealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Российской Федерации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0044-197X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0044-197X-2023-67-4-313-319</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">serwkm</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rfhealth-1318</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGY OF MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Буллинг и кибербуллинг в подростковой среде: распространённость, методы запугивания, ролевое поведение участников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bullying and cyberbullying in adolescent environment: prevalence, methods of intimidation, role-player behavior</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6120-7860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнова</surname><given-names>Надежда Борисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Nadezhda B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, гл. науч. сотр. ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», НИИ медицинских проблем Севера, 660036, Красноярск.</p><p>e-mail: snb237@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., leading researcher of the Federal Research Centre «Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre of Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences», Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: snb237@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snb237@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre «Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre of Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences», Scientific Research Institute for Medical Problems of the North</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>313</fpage><lpage>319</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семёнова Н.Б., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семёнова Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenova N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/1318">https://www.rfhealth.ru/jour/article/view/1318</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Буллинг широко распространён среди подростков и обычно проявляется в виде традиционного буллинга (ТБ) и кибербуллинга (КБ). Актуальность буллинга для общественного здоровья заключается в том, что он может привести к эмоциональным нарушениям, социальной дезадаптации и суицидальному поведению.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить распространённость ТБ и КБ у современных подростков, оценить социальные роли участников и методы запугивания с позиции гендерных различий.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Сбор данных проводился в 2015–2017 гг. в Красноярске в рамках Евразийского исследования психического здоровья детей и подростков (EACMHS). Сплошным методом обследовано 692 учащихся общеобразовательных школ г. Красноярска (328 мальчиков, 364 девочки) в возрасте 11–17 лет (средний возраст 14,6 ± 1,3 года). В исследовании применялся опросник, разработанный в рамках EACMHS, включающий два блока вопросов, касающихся ТБ и КБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Распространённость ТБ составляет 28,7% (26,5% — мальчики; 30,8% — девочки), распространённость КБ — 25,7% (33,5% — мальчики; 18,9% — девочки). ТБ и КБ могут происходить как самостоятельно, так и в комбинации, что увеличивает распространённость буллинга в целом до 43,1% (из них только ТБ — 17,2%; только КБ — 14,3%; оба вида — 11,6%). В роли агрессоров чаще выступают мальчики. Наиболее распространёнными методами издевательства являются обзывания (17,5% — при ТБ; 15,3% — при КБ). Над девочками чаще издеваются из-за внешнего вида (19,5%), мальчики чаще подвергаются запугиваниям опасностью (14,3%) и угрозам (13,4%).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Обследованы подростки, проживающие в одном городе. Использован один источник информации — анкетирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Высокая вовлечённость подростков в буллинг (43,1%) требует разработки профилактических мер для уменьшения агрессивного поведения в подростковой среде.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Одобрение на проведение исследования получено от Этического комитета ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт нейронаук и медицины» (протокол заседания № 3 от 25.03.2015). Исследование проводилось методом анонимного анкетирования. После ответа на вопросы каждый подросток самостоятельно запечатывал свою анкету в собственный конверт. В дальнейшем экспериментатор запечатывал все конверты, полученные в классе, в один общий конверт. </p></sec><sec><title>Благодарность</title><p>Благодарность. Автор благодарит профессора Andre Sourander за любезное предоставление опросника, а также коллег, принимавших участие в сборе материала и формировании статистической базы, — Л.В. Лаптеву, Т.О. Риппинен и Т.В. Осипову.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа выполнена в рамках Проекта ГЗ «Соматические и психологические аспекты адаптации детей и подростков Центральной Сибири в условиях широкого распространения новых компьютерных технологий, интенсификации учебного процесса и социокультурной трансформации коренных этносов» (№ ЕГИСУ 121022600087-7).</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 02</title><p>Поступила 02.12.2021Принята в печать 20.01.2022Опубликована 30.08.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Widespread among adolescents bullying usually shows as traditional bullying (TB) and cyberbullying (CB). The public health relevance of bullying is that it can lead to emotional distress, social maladjustment and suicidal behavior.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze the prevalence of traditional bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents, to assess the social roles of participants and methods of intimidation with regard to gender differences.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Data collection was carried out in 2015–2017 within EACMHS. With the continuous method there were examined six hundred ninety two students of secondary schools in Krasnoyarsk (364 girls) aged 11–17 years (average age is 14.6 ± 1.3). A questionnaire including two sets of questions related to bullying and cyberbullying developed by the EACMHS was used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The TB prevalence is 28.7% (26.5% — boys, 30.8% — girls), the СB prevalence is 25.7% (33.5% — boys, 18.9% — girls). TB and CB can occur both independently and in combination, increasing the prevalence of bullying as a whole up to 43.1% (where only TB — 17.2%, only CB — 14.3%, both types — 11.6 %). Boys are more likely to be the aggressors. The most common methods of bullying are name calling (17.5% for TB, 15.3% for CB). Girls are more often bullied because of their appearance (19.5%), boys are more often by dangers (14.3%) and threats (13.4%).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. Adolescents living in one city were examined. One source of information was used.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The high involvement of adolescents in bullying requires the development of preventive measures.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. Approval for the study was received from the Ethics Committee of the Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine (Minutes of the meeting No. 3 of 03/25/2015). The study was conducted by the method of anonymous questioning. After answering the questions, each teenager independently sealed their questionnaire in their own envelope. Subsequently, the experimenter sealed all the envelopes received in each class in one common envelope.</p></sec><sec><title>Gratitude</title><p>Gratitude. The author thanks Professor Andre Sourander for kindly providing the questionnaire, as well as colleagues who took part in the collection of material and the formation of the statistical base — L.V. Lapteva, T.O. Rippinen, and T.V. Osipova.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The work was carried out within the framework of the State Budget Project “Somatic and psychological aspects of the adaptation of children and adolescents in Central Siberia in the context of the widespread use of new computer technologies, the intensification of the educational process and the socio-cultural transformation of indigenous ethnic groups” (No. EGISU 121022600087-7).</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The author declares no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: December 02, 2021Accepted: January 20, 2022Published: August 30, 2023 </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>буллинг</kwd><kwd>кибербуллинг</kwd><kwd>виктимизация</kwd><kwd>распространённость</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bullying</kwd><kwd>cyberbullying</kwd><kwd>victimization</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Капиренкова О.Н., Пискажева М.И. Буллинг в современной образовательной среде. Психология когнитивных процессов. 2020; (9): 177–84. https://elibrary.ru/usecnd</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapirenkova O.N., Piskazheva M.I. Bulling in the contemporary educational medium. 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